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Forex vocabulary from A to Z. Find trading definition you are looking for in this forex dictionary.

Forex Dictionary and Glossary of Terms
Forex Definitions, Terms, Abbreviations, and Acronyms

Here you'll find the most important definitions, terms, and abbreviations you'll come across in the Forex business.
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S
 

S Corporation
A form of corporation, allowed by the IRS for most companies with 75 or fewer...
S&L
Savings and Loan. A federally or state chartered financial institution that...
S&P 500
Standard & Poor's 500. A basket of 500 stocks that are considered to be widely...
S&P phenomenon
Tendency of stocks to increase in price upon being added to the S&P 500, as index funds buy for their portfolios.
safe
The state of being free from risk.
safe harbor
The capability of a firm's management personnel to discuss a particular firm's...
SAIF
AbbreviationforSavings Association Insurance Fund, which refers to an entity...
salable
Having the characteristic of being able to be sold.
salary
A wages received at regular intervals, either weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly.
salary freeze
A situation in which a particular firm temporarily stops offering salary raises to employees due to budge constraints.
salary reduction
The tax-deferred contributions withheld from an employee's salary in order to financially maintain a retirement plan.
Salary Reduction Simplified Employee Pension Plan
Abbreviated as SARSEP Plan. An alternative to a 401k plan, available solely...
sale
A transaction that involves the exchange of goods and/or services for money.
sale and leaseback
An arrangement in which one party sells a property to a buyer, only for the...
sales
The aggregate dollar amount gained through the distribution of goods and services.
sales charge
A fee charged by an intermediary for his service in facilitating a transaction...
sales fee
A fee charged by an intermediary for his service in facilitating a transaction...
sales force
The group of persons employed in order to facilitate the selling process.
sales ledger
A record of sales, calculated daily.
sales tax
A tax levied by a given state or city government on the retail price of an item, and collected by the retailer.
Sallie Mae
See Student Loan Marketing Association.
salvage value
The estimated value of an asset after it is unable to perform its initial functional use.
Same Day Funds Settlement
A type of settlement that is made on the same day as the transaction. This replaced...
same-store sales
In the context of retail, same-store sales refer to stores which have been open...
Samoa (American) Dollar
The currency of Samoa. See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
Samoa (West) Tala
The currency of Western Samoa. See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
sample
A small portion of a product offered, free of charge, to potential customers.
San Marino Lira
The currency of San Marino. See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
sandbag
A type of leasing arrangement in which an entity leases property from one party...
sandwich lease
A leasing arrangement in which an entity leases property from one party and...
Santa Claus rally
The rise in stock prices that frequently occurs in the week following Christmas, in anticipation for the January effect.
Sao Tome Dobra
The currency of Sao Tome. See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
SAR
The ISO currency code for the Saudi Riyal. Learn more about Saudia Arabia and the Saudi Arabian Riyal at GoCurrency.com
SARSEP
Acronym for Salary Reduction Simplified Employee Pension Plan. An alternative...
satellite operation
A branch of a larger firm that is physically separated from its corporate headquarters.
satisfaction of debt
A document issued by the lender after the full repayment of a debt.
saturation
Saturation is a term used to describe a good or commodity with a larger market...
saucer
In the context of technical analysis, used to describe a chart on which the...
Saudi Riyal
The currency of Saudi Arabia. Learn more about Saudia Arabia and the Saudi Arabian Riyal at GoCurrency.com
saving
Calculated by the following formula: Income – Consumption = Savings.
savings account
A type of deposit account offered at a bank or savings and loan, which pays...
Savings and Loan
A federally or state established financial institution that takes deposits directly...
Savings Association Insurance Fund
An entity created in 1989, and provides deposit insurance to thrifts. Also known as SAIF.
savings bank
A banking organization that accepts customer deposits and funds mortgages.
Savings Bond
Treasury securities for individual investors. US Savings Bonds are a registered,...
savings deposits
Accounts that offer interest and can be withdrawn upon demand. Savings deposits...
savings element
The accumulated cash value of a life insurance policy.
Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees
Abbreviated as SIMPLE. A retirement plan sponsored by firms with fewer than...
savings rate
The percentage of savings of a population, calculated by dividing the overall savings by disposable income.
SBA
Acronym for Small Business Administration.
SBD
The ISO code for the Soloman Islands. Learn more about Soloman Islands and the Soloman Dollar at GoCurrency.com
SBIC
Acronym for Small Business Investment Firm. A private investment firm licensed...
scalability
The quality of being able to function effectively as its size increases.
scale
The standard wage levels for a given type of job, measured by firms, unions, and the government.
scale order
The execution of a sale or purchase in parts, at specified price levels.
scalp
The practice of trading quickly for small gains, often holding a position for less than a day.
scarcity
Having the characteristic of being short in supply
SCC
Acronym for Stock Clearing Corporation. The clearinghouse for the NYSE.
scenario
The set of future events.
schedule
See tax schedule.
Schedule 13d
The form that must be filed, corresponding to Rule 13d.
Schedule C
The section in the NASD bylaws that outlines membership requirements and procedures.
scienter
The practice of knowingly transacting a fraudulent securities deal.
SCOR
Acronym for Small Corporate Offering Registration. An over the counter sale...
scorched-earth policy
A reaction to a seizure attempt that involves liquidating valuable assets and...
SCR
The ISO currency code for the Seychelles Rupee. Learn more about Seychelles and the Seychelles Rupee at GoCurrency.com
screening
The initial assessment of job candidates or investment opportunities based on a given set of criteria.
scrip
A certificate representing a fraction of a share of stock
scripophily
The collection of old stock and bond certificates.
SDD
The ISO currency code for the Sudanese Dinar. Learn more about Sudan and the Sudanese Dinar at GoCurrency.com
SDR
Special Drawing Right. An artificial currency unit based upon several national...
seasonality
The cyclicality in the business sector from one season to the next.
seat
The holding of membership on an exchange, which is a requirement for transacting...
SEC
A United States government agency, created in 1934, with the responsibility...
SEC EDGAR
The SEC's system in order to transmit required filings, such as quarterly reports...
SEC fee
The SEC-fee is a small charge (one cent per several hundred dollars) issued...
SEC filing
A document, often containing financial data, that a firm delivers to the SEC and, thereby, to the public.
second mortgage
A mortgage on real estate that has already been pledged as collateral for a...
second preferred stock
A preferred stock with rights subordinate to those of other preferred stock.
second-to-die insurance
A type of insurance that pays a death benefit only upon the death of the last...
secondary distribution
The offering of a large unit of a security by a current shareholder. Also known as secondary offering.
secondary listing
Any listing of a security on an exchange other than its primary exchange. Secondary...
secondary market
A market in which an investor purchases a security from another investor rather...
secondary mortgage market
A type of market, where existing mortgages and mortgage-backed securities are traded.
secondary offering
The offering of a large unit of a security by a current shareholder. Also known as secondary offering.
secondary research
The examination or study of someone else's research (either primary or secondary).
secondary stock
A firm’s stock that is inferior in quality, yields a higher risk, or having smaller market capitalization.
Section 529 plan
A state-sponsored program designed to help parents finance education expenses....
sector
A particular subset of a market, society, industry, or economy.
sector fund
A mutual fund, which invests fully or predominantly in a single economic sector, and thus, are generally riskier.
sector rotation
The movement of investment between distinct economic sectors. Also known as rotation.
secular
In the long term, in contrast to temporary or cyclical.
secured
The state of being backed by a pledge of collateral. Opposite of unsecured.
secured bond
A Secured Bond is a type of bond backed by an asset from the issuer, which...
secured credit card
A credit card linked to a savings account. The funds contained in the account...
secured loan
A loan which is backed by assets belonging to the borrower in order to decrease...
securities
More than one security
Securities Act of 1933
The first Congressional law regulating the securities industry, and requiring registration to discourage fraud and deception.
Securities Acts Amendments of 1975
A Congressional law, calling for the establishment of a National Market System,...
securities analyst
An employee of a bank, brokerage, advisor, or mutual fund who utilizes technical...
Securities and Exchange Commission
A United States government agency, created in 1934, with the responsibility...
securities exchange
See exchange.
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
The act which established the SEC.
securities fraud
A crime in which investing or trading laws are violated.
Securities Industry Association
Acronym for SIA. The main trade organization and lobbying group for broker and...
Securities Investor Protection Corporation
Acronym for SIPC. A non-profit membership corporation established by Congress,...
securities lending
A loan of a security from one broker/dealer to another, who must eventually...
securities loan
The loan of securities by one broker to another.
securitization
The process of integrating similar instruments, such as loans or mortgages, into a single negotiable security.
securitize
See securitization.
security
Any form of a tradable contract that carries a specified value. A security represents...
security analysis
An examination and technical evaluation of the various factors affecting the value of a security.
security deposit
A quantity of money paid prior to a transaction to protect a seller or renter against damage or non-payment.
security interest
The right of the creditor to take all or part of a property offered as security.
security loan
A loan backed by the pledge of collateral.
security market line
The relationship between an investment's hurdle rate and its market risk.
SEDOL
Acronym for The Stock Exchange Daily Official List number, which refers to a...
seed capital
A quantity of money used for the initial investment in a project or startup firm. Also known as seed financing or seed money.
seek a market
The action of a buyer searching for a seller, or vice-versa.
segment
A part of a market.
segregation of securities
A series of SEC regulations stipulating that accounts holding customer funds be kept separate from brokerage firm accounts.
seigniorage
The profit that results from the gap in the cost of printing money and the face value of that money.
SEK
The ISO currency code for the Swedish Krona. Learn more about Sweden and the Swedish Krona at GoCurrency.com
selective disclosure
The revelation by a public firm of material information to a selected group...
self insurance
The establishment of reserves for future losses instead of purchasing insurance.
self-amortizing mortgage
A type of mortgage in which all principal is paid off in a specified period...
self-directed retirement account
A type of retirement account in which an investor designates an account custodian,...
self-employed
A classification of employment in which an individual who operates a business...
self-employed pension
A tax-deferred qualified retirement plan designated for self-employed individuals...
self-employment tax
A social Security tax paid by the self-employed.
Self-Regulatory Organization
Acronym for SRO, which refers to a non-governmental organization with the responsibility...
self-supporting bond
A type of bond sold to finance a project whose revenues will be used to pay off the interest and principal on that bond.
sell
Sell: The process of liquidating an asset held in the market. The purpose of...
sell limit order
A mandate to a broker to sell a specified quantity of a security at or above a specified price (called the limit price).
sell order
Specific instructions made by an individual to a broker, bank, market maker,...
sell plus
An order to sell a specified amount of stock as long as the price of the trade...
sell short
A trader is in a SHORT POSITION when she sells a currency pair.Longing is the...
sell the book
A mandate by an investor to a broker to sell as much of its current position...
sell-side analyst
An analyst employed by a brokerage firm in order to manage clients’ accounts....
seller financing
A home-financing technique, where the buyer borrows from the seller rather than...
seller liability
The requirement of a seller to disclose a product's faults to the buyer.
seller's market
A market that is dominated by the sellers, rather than the buyers.
seller's points
A lump sum paid by the seller to the buyer's creditor to reduce the cost of the loan to the buyer.
selling flat
The action of selling a security when the price is neither rising or falling; Also known as sideways.
selling group
A group of investment bankers who aid a union or an underwriter in the sale of a new securities issue
selling hedge
The sale of a futures or options contract to prevent the possibility of a decline in the price of that security.
selling short
A trader is in a SHORT POSITION when she sells a currency pair.Longing is the...
selling short against the box
A short sale of a given security, where the seller does own but does not want...
selling the spread
The action of selling when an option sold has a higher premium than the option bought.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A. Income statement item which combines salaries, commissions, and travel...
selloff
A sudden drop in price as a result of widespread selling.
Senegal Franc
The currency of Senegal. Learn more about currencies at GoCurrency.com
senior
The reception of priority in a debt claim in the event of liquidation. opposite of junior.
senior debt
A type of debt that has priority for repayment in a liquidation.
senior refunding
The exchange of bonds for other bonds with longer maturity durations. Opposite of junior refunding.
senior security
A security that has priority over other securities, with respect to claims or bankruptcy liquidation.
sensitivity
The degree of exposure of a security to market risk.
sensitivity analysis
The investigation into how projected performance varies along with changes in...
sentiment
A gauge of the mood from investors, consumers or businesses. Analysts will often...
SEP Plan
A type of retirement program for self-employed people or owners of companies...
separate account
A pooled fund created by an insurance firm which is segregated from the general...
separate tax returns
See married filing separately.
sequential
Having the characteristic of a regular sequence of parts.
Sequential Analysis
An indicator designed to identify market exhaustion using price patterns. It...
Serbian Dinar
The currency of Serbia. ISO international currency code: CSD. Learn more about Serbia and the Serbian Dinar at GoCurrency.com
serial bond
A set of bonds issued at the same time but having different maturity dates. Also known as installment bond.
serial correlation
The correlation of a variable with itself over successive time intervals. Technical...
series
Options of the same class, strike price, and maturity. Also known as option series or series of options.
Series 3
The license required to sell commodity futures.
Series 6
A test that registers an individual to transact a limited set of securities.
Series 63
The Uniform Securities Agent State Law License required by some states to be a stockbroker.
Series 7
The General Securities Registered Representative License, which is required...
series bond
A single bond issue offered to the public on multiple dates.
Series EE bond
A Savings Bond issued at a discount from par with a fixed rate of interest, established at the time of purchase.
series fund
A mutual fund whose prospectus allows for the creation of multiple portfolios.
Series HH bond
A type of bond that is sold in amounts from $500 to $10,000. They may be redeemed...
Series I Bond
An inflation-indexed savings bond offered by the U.S. government. Series I bonds...
service contract
A contract offered by a retailer in exchange for maintaining and repairing a product beyond its manufacturer's warranty coverage.
service fee
A part of a mutual fund's 12b-1 fee, not to exceed 0.25%, which compensates financial planners for shareholder services.
service mark
A design, symbol, logo, or other mark used to establish the identity and image of a service.
servicer
An organization that collects principal and interest payments from borrowers.
Services PMI - Euro-zone
The Euro-zone Services Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) assesses business conditions...
Services PMI - UK
A monthly guage of the UK service sector that takes into account business outlook....
session
A period of trading activity from the time a market opens until the time that it closes. Also known as the trading session.
settle
To pay a bill; make a financial arrangement
settlement
The finalizing of the sale of a property, as its title is transferred from the seller to the buyer. Also known as closing.
settlement costs
The fees and expenses associated with the sale of a property, or the transfer of a title.
settlement date
The date by which an executed securities transaction must be settled, by paying for a purchase or by delivering a sold asset.
settlement options
The different ways in which a benefit may be paid when an individual covered...
settlement price
The closing range of prices after a trading session, which are then in turn,...
settlement sheet
A document prepared by a closing agent, explicating a real estate transaction,...
settlor
An individual who creates an inter vivos trust.
severability
A clause in a contract that permits that any portion of the contract deemed...
severally but not jointly
A type of agreement that establishes the responsibility for selling the securities in an underwriting.
severalty
The ownership of real estate by a single individual.
severance pay
A payment made to a employee who is recently terminated.
Seychelles Rupee
The currency of Seychelles. Learn more about Seychelles and the Seychelles Rupee at GoCurrency.com
SG&A
Acronym for Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Income statement item...
SGD
The ISO currency code for the Singapore Dollar. Learn more about Singapore and the Singapore Dollar at GoCurrency.com
shakeout
The consolidation of an industry or sector, where the smaller and weaker competitors are acquired or driven out of business.
share
A certificate representing one unit of ownership in a corporation, mutual fund, or limited partnership.
share appreciation mortgage
A type of mortgage in which a borrower receives an interest rate below the market...
share price
The price of one share of stock.
share repurchase plan
A program through which a corporation purchases back its own shares in the open...
shareholder
Somebody who owns shares of stock in a corporation or mutual fund.
shareholder of record
The name of an individual or entity that an issuer carries in its records as...
shareholder value
The value that a shareholder is able to obtain from his/her investment in a...
shareholders' equity
The total assets minus total liabilities of an individual or firm. Also known as owner's equity or net worth or net assets.
shareholders' letter
A part of a firm's annual report in which the management discusses the firm's...
shares authorized
The maximum number of shares of stock that a particular firm is permitted to issue, specified in the firm's charter.
shares outstanding
The shares of a firm's stock that have been issued and are in the hands of the public. Also known as outstanding stock.
shark repellent
Any corporate activity that is utilized to discourage a hostile takeover.
Sharpe ratio
A risk-adjusted measure, calculated by using the standard deviation and excess...
shelf life
The maximum amount of time that a given item can remain in a salable condition on a retailer's shelf.
shelf offering
The registration of a new issue, which can be prepared up to two years in advance. Also known as called shelf registration.
shelf registration
The registration of a new issue, which can be prepared up to two years in advance.
shelf velocity
The speed at which a good moves from a manufacturer's inventory to a distributor to a customer.
shell
A firm with no real assets or operations.
shelve
To put off or aside from consideration; to postpone
Shipments - Japan
The total value of products shipped by the mining and manufacturing industries....
shock absorber
Any of a number of procedures implemented by a major stock or commodity exchange when a certain index falls.
shop
A small store that sells retail goods.
short
A trader is in a SHORT POSITION when she sells a currency pair.Longing is the...
short bond
A type of bond with a maturity of less than one year.
short coupon
A bond interest payment covering less than the usual six-month period, often the bond's first coupon.
short cover
The repurchasing of a previously sold contract. Also known as cover.
short hedge
The sale of an options contract to protect against the possibility a decline...
short interest
The total number of shares of a security that have been sold short and not yet repurchased.
short interest ratio
The proportion calculated by taking the short interest divided by average daily...
short leg
The part of an option spread indicating a commitment to sell the underlying security.
short market value
The total value of all securities that have been shorted in a given account....
short position
A trader is in a SHORT POSITION when she sells a currency pair.Longing is the...
short purchase
The repurchasing of a formerly sold contract. Also known as short cover or cover.
short sale
A trader is in a SHORT POSITION when she sells a currency pair.Longing is the...
short sale rule
The SEC regulation that stipulates short sales to be made only on an uptick...
short sell
See short sale.
short squeeze
A situation in which the price of a stock rises quickly, and investors who sold...
short straddle
A straddle in which a short position is taken in both a put and a call option....
short swing profits
The profits earned within six months of a trade.
short swing rules
A regulation that restricts firm insiders from making short swing profits. The...
short-term
Often referring to one year or less, often used to refer to bonds or loans. Opposite of long-term.
short-term gain or loss
A capital gain or loss on an investment which was held for less than a period of time, usually one year or less.
short-term reserves
Investments in interest-bearing bank deposits, money market instruments, and...
shortfall
An amount, which is lower than (i.e. worse than) expected or required.
shorting
The process of undertaking a short sale.
shorting against the box
A short sale of a given security, where the seller does own but does not want...
SHP
The ISO currency code for the St. Helena Pound.
shrinkage
The discrepancy of inventory recorded on a firm's records, and the inventory on hand, due to theft, loss or accounting error.
shutdown
The stoppage of production by a firm.
SIA
Acronym for Securities Industry Association. The main trade organization and...
SIC
Acronym for Standard Industrial Classification. 4-digit codes used to categorize and uniquely identify business activities.
sideways
A price that is neither rising or falling; Also known as flat
Sierra Leone Leone
The currency of Sierra Leone. Learn more about Sierra Leone and the Sierra Leone's Leone at GoCurrency.com
sight draft
A draft that is payable on demand.
sight letter of credit
A letter of credit that is payable as soon as the required documents have been presented.
signal
A term used in technical analysis to connote a trigger to initiate a trade....
signature guarantee
An authentication of a signature in the form of a stamp or seal by a bank, a...
signature loan
A type of loan that is not backed by collateral, but rather the faith of the borrower. Also known as an unsecured loan.
significant order
An order to purchase or sell securities that is large enough to affect the market price.
silent partner
A business partner who provides capital but does not actively participate in the management of operations.
SIMPLE
Acronym for Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees. A retirement plan sponsored...
SIMPLE 401(k) Plan
A type of retirement plan sponsored by firms with less than 100 employees, which...
simple interest
The interest calculated on a principal sum, as opposed to compounded on earned interest.
SIMPLE IRA
See Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees.
simple moving average
The mean value, as calculated over a continuing previous period of fixed length.
Simplified Employee Pension IRA
Acronym for SEP IRA. A type of retirement program for self-employed people or...
simulation
The use of a theoretical mathematical model to recreate a situation, often repeatedly,...
sin tax
An excise tax levied on products considered vices (i.e. tobacco and alcohol).
Singapore Dollar
The currency of Singapore. Learn more about Singapore and the Singapore Dollar at GoCurrency.com
single
The filing status of an individual who is not married on December 31 of the year for which the return is filed.
single option
A put or call option held by itself, rather than multiple options as used in a spread or straddle.
single stock futures
A single transaction equivalent to the simultaneous sale of a put and purchase...
single-employer plan
A retirement plan under the control of one firm.
single-entry bookkeeping
An accounting method in which transactions are recorded as a single entry, rather...
single-life annuity
An annuity that provides income benefits for one, individual person.
single-payment loan
A loan whose principal is due in total with a single payment at maturity.
Single-Premium Deferred Annuity
Acronym for SPDA. A tax-deferred investment plan in which an individual makes...
single-premium life insurance
A type of whole life insurance, requiring one initial lump sum payment.
sinker
A bond whose interest and principal payments are made via a sinking fund.
sinking fund
A type of fund, where a firm sets aside money over time, in order to retire...
SIPC
Acronym for Securities Investor Protection Corporation, which refers to a non-profit...
SIT
The ISO currency code for Slovenia. Learn more about currencies at GoCurrency.com
site
The position or location
SKK
The ISO currency code for the Slovakia Koruna.Learn more about currencies at GoCurrency.com
skyrocket
A sudden, sharp rise in price, value, or rate.
slander
A malicious, false, and defamatory statement or report
sleeper
A stock that is trading at an unusually low valuation based on traditional measures such as price/earnings ratio.
slippage
The difference between the price a trader expects to be filled at, and the price...
SLL
The ISO code for the Sierra Leone's Leone. Learn more about Sierra Leone and the Sierra Leone Leone at GoCurrency.com
SLMA
Acronym for Student Loan Marketing Association.
Slovakia Koruna
The currency of Slovakia.Learn more about currencies at GoCurrency.com
Slovenian Tolar
The currency code of Slovenia. See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
slump
A short period of economic or financial weakness.
Small Business Administration
A Federal agency which makes loans to small businesses.
Small Business Confidence - Japan
A measure of small businesses optimism. As small businesses tend to be more...
Small Business Investment Company
SBIC. A private investment company licensed by the Small Business Administration...
small cap
A maximum amount ranging from $250 million to $1 billion capitalization.
small cap stock
See small cap.
small corporate offering registration
Acronym for SCOR. An over the counter sale of securities that allows for up...
small investor
An individual who purchases small amounts of securities for himself, as opposed...
Small Order Execution System
Also known as SOES, an automated system that bypasses brokers when processing small order agency executions of Nasdaq securities.
smart money
A reference to experienced investors and traders, who tend to spot trends and...
smokestack industry
A basic manufacturing industry (i.e. the automobile, steel, rubber, paper, and chemical industry).
SNB Chief Economist Speaks - Switzerland
The speeches of the Chief Economist for the Swiss National Bank have heavy influence...
SNB Quarterly Monetary Policy Assessment - Switzerland
States the central bank's views on developments in the Swiss economy, current...
SNB Three-Month Target Libor Rate - Switzerland
The target interest rate set by the Swiss National Bank (SNB). Adjusting the...
snowballing
A situation in which the exercise of stop orders in a declining (or advancing)...
social responsibility
The belief that businesses should contribute to the overall welfare of their communities.
Social Security
The comprehensive US federal program of benefits providing workers and their...
Social Security Tax
A federal tax levied in order to fund the Social Security programs.
socialism
A type of economic system, where cooperation rather than competition is valued,...
socially conscious investing
The practice of investing in firms that operate ethically, provide social benefits, and are sensitive to the environment.
socially responsible fund
A type of mutual fund that only invests in firms that meet certain ethical and moral standards.
SOES
Acronym for Small Order Execution System. An automated system that bypasses...
soft commodity
A label for a set of commodities, generally including cocoa, sugar, and coffee....
soft currency
A nation's currency unacceptable in the exchange for currency of other countries, due to unrealistic exchange rates.
soft dollars
The payments to a full-service brokerage in exchange for its services in terms...
soft landing
The avoidance of inflation and high interest rates during the period of a recession.
soft loan
A loan with accommodating repayment terms.
soft market
A market with more sellers than buyers. Low prices result from this excess of...
softs
The label given to a set of commodities, usually including cocoa, sugar, and coffee.
sole proprietor
See sole proprietorship.
sole proprietorship
A type of business structure in which an individual and his/her firm are considered...
Solomon Island Dollar
The official currency of the Soloman Islands. Learn more about Soloman Islands and the Soloman Dollar at GoCurrency.com
solvency ratio
Any of several formulas used to gauge a firm's ability to meet its long-term...
solvent
Having the characteristic of being able to pay all debt obligations as they become due. Opposite of insolvent.
Somali Schilling
The official currency of Somalia. Learn more about Somolia and the Somolian Shilling at GoCurrency.com
sophisticated investor
An investor who has sufficient knowledge and experience with investing.
Sortino ratio
A variation of the Sharpe ratio which differentiates harmful volatility from...
SOS
The ISO code for the Somalian Shilling. Learn more about Somalia and the Somali Shilling at GoCurrency.com
source
The origin of revenues, products and services, or financing.
South African Rand
The ISO currency code for the South African Rand. Find more on South Africa, the Rand at GoCurrency.com
South Korean Won
The official currency of South Korea. Learn more about South Korea and the Korean Won at GoCurrency.com
sovereign debt
A debt instrument guaranteed by a governing body.
Spanish Peseta
The currency of Spain until 1 January 1999, when it was superseded by the euro....
SPD
Acronym for Summary Plan Description. A document containing a comprehensive...
SPDA
Acronym for Single-Premium Deferred Annuity. A tax-deferred investment plan...
SPDR
Acronym for Standard and Poor’s Depository Receipt. The shares of a security...
SPE
Acronym for special purpose entity.
special dividend
A nonrecurring dividend that is exceptional in terms of either size or date issued.
Special Drawing Right
Abbreviated as SDR. An artificial currency unit based upon several national...
Special Drawing Rights
SDR. An artificial currency unit based on multiple national currencies, and...
special endorsement
An endorsement of a check authorizing payment to an entity other than the entity...
special purpose entity
A business interest formed solely in order to accomplish a particular task or tasks, and used for accounting purposes.
special situation
A stock that one believes is about to rise for some particular reason.
special use property
An income-producing property, which is designed for a specific use.
special-purpose bond
A municipal bond which is repaid from taxes collected from those who benefit...
specialist
A stock exchange member who makes a market for certain exchange-traded securities,...
specialist market
A market which arises when limit orders cannot be filled using available market...
specialist unit
A specialist authorized by an exchange to act as both the principal and agent for other brokers in maintaining a stable market.
specialist's book
A chronological record of a specialist's inventory of securities and orders. Also known as book.
specialized fund
A type of mutual fund investing in the securities of a particular industry, sector, type of security or geographic region.
specialty fund
A type of mutual fund investing primarily in the securities of a particular...
specie
A kind of money with intrinsic value (i.e. gold and silver coins).
speculation
Speculation is the practice of selecting investments (exposing one's self to...
speculative
Speculation is the practice of selecting investments (exposing one's self to...
speculator
One who engages in speculation.Speculation is the practice of selecting investments...
Speed Resistance Line
Speed Resistance, or Speedlines, are a combination of percentage retracements...
Spider
The shares of a security designed to track the value of the S&P 500. Spiders...
spike
A sudden, temporary rise or fall in price of large magnitude.
spinoff
An independent firm created from an existing part of another firm through a...
split
An increase in the number of outstanding shares of a firm's stock, such that...
split commission
A commission received by the broker who executed the transaction and the investment professional.
split coupon bond
A type of bond, which pays no coupons, is sold at a deep discount to its face value, and matures at its face value.
split offering
A type of municipal bond, which is part serial bond and part term maturity bond.
split order
A large order which is broken into smaller pieces to be executed one at a time to avoid affecting the market price.
split rating
A security that is rated differently by two or more major rating agencies.
split-adjusted price
The price per share of a stock following the splits.
sponsor
The general partner who organizes and sells the limited partnership.
Sponsored ADR
An ADR, which is issued with the cooperation of the firm whose stock will underlie the ADR.
sponsorship
Advertising, often for a specific event, program, or project.
spoofing
Stock market manipulation in which a trader with a position in a stock places...
spot
Literally means for immediate delivery. In the FX market transactions in...
spot commodity
A commodity traded on the spot market, with the expectation that the buyer will take delivery
spot market
A market in which commodities, such as grain, gold, crude oil, or RAM chips,...
spot month
The closest delivery month on a futures contract.
spot price
The present delivery price of a given commodity being traded on the spot market. Also known as cash price.
spot rate
The theoretical yield on a zero-coupon Treasury.
spot trading
A type of trading that involves cash sales for immediate delivery.
spousal IRA
A traditional IRA or Roth IRA set up by a married person in the name of his...
spousal remainder trust
A trust in which income-producing property is placed in the trust by the grantor...
spread
The Spread refers to the difference between the sell and buy price for a security....
spread option
The purchase of one option and the simultaneous sale of a related option, such...
Spread Trading - Futures vs FX
Futures - In Futures Spread Trading the trader simultaneously buys (longs)...
sprinkling trust
A living trust or will in which the trustee has discretion over how the trust's...
squeeze
A period characterized by tight monetary policy, when interest rates are high and borrowing is difficult.
SRD
The ISO code of the Suriname Dollar. Learn more about Surinam and the Suriname Dollar at GoCurrency.com
SRG
The ISO currency code for the Surinam Guilder.
Sri Lankan Rupee
The official currency of Sri Lanka. Learn more about Sri Lanka and the Sri Lankan Rupee at GoCurrency.com
SRO
Acronym for Self-Regulatory Organization. A non-governmental organization which...
St. Helena Pound
The currency of St. Helena.See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
St. Kitts Dollar
The currency of St. Kitts.See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
St. Lucia Dollar
The currency of St. Lucia.See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
St. Pierre Franc
The currency of St. Pierre.See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
St. Vincent Dollar
The currency of St. Vincent.See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
stability
resistance to change; continuance without change
stabilization
The situation in which an underwriter\ tries to prevent a recent offering from...
stable
A price or rate that does not fluctuate rapidly.
Stafford loan
A need-based government loan made to university-bound students rather than their parents.
stagflation
The unfavorable situation characterized by high inflation and high unemployment.
staggered board of directors
A board of directors only a part of which is elected each year, often to discourage takeover attempts.
staggered maturities
The act of holding a portfolio of bonds which includes some short-term, some...
stagging
The practice of buying initial public offerings at the offering price and then...
stagnation
A state of economic inactivity
stake
The amount of a security either owned (a long position) or owed (a short position)...
stakeholder
Any party that has an interest or stake in a firm.
stamped security
A security which has been stamped to show that some feature of it has changed since its issuance, such as the maturity date.
standard
A technologies or product that has achieved a level of market saturation such...
Standard & Poor's 100
S&P 100. Of the firms in the S&P 500, the 100 which have the largest market capitalization.
Standard & Poor's 500
S&P 500. S&P 500.
Standard & Poor's Depositary Receipt
The shares of a security designed to track the value of the S&P 500. Spiders...
standard costing
A management tool used to estimate the overall cost of production, assuming normal operations.
standard deduction
A fixed deduction allowed to taxpayers who do not itemize.
Standard Deviation
A statistical term used in a wide range of price indicators, a standard deviation...
Standard Industrial Classification
SIC. 4-digit codes used to categorize and uniquely identify business activities.
standard mileage rate
A fixed rate allowed by the IRS for business transportation expenses in place of deducting actual expenses.
standard of living
The financial health of a population, as measured by the quantity of consumption by the members of that population.
standard payment calculation
The monthly payment required to repay the remaining balance of a mortgage in...
standby commitment
The commitment by an underwriter to purchase for resale any part of a new issue...
standby loan commitment
A formal offer by a lender, explicating the terms under which it agrees to lend...
standing order
The consent to make regular periodic shipments of a specified product.
start rate
The initial interest rate on an adjustable rate mortgage, most often referring to the first year.
startup
A new business venture that is in its earliest stage of development.
state bank
A bank organized under a state, rather than a federal, charter.
stated value
The value assigned to a firm's no-par stock by its board of directors, for accounting purposes.
statement
A written declaration, such as of financial data.
statement of additional information
In the context of mutual funds, a document which contains detailed information...
Statement of Cash Flows
See cash flow statement.
statement of condition
A quantitative summary of a firm's financial condition at a specific point in...
statistical arbitrage
An attempt to profit from pricing inefficiencies that are identified through the use of theoretical mathematical models.
statistically significant
The condition in which a sample size is large enough to be considered representative of the overall population being studied.
status quo
The existing condition or state of affairs.
statute
A legislative act or law.
Statute of Limitations
A state law limiting the amount of time within which legal action may be taken.
statutory
Having been enacted by legislation.
statutory consolidation
A merger, where a new corporate entity is created from the two merging companies, which cease to exist.
statutory investment
An investment in which a fiduciary is authorized to make, according to state laws.
statutory merger
A merger in which one of the merging companies continues to exist as a legal...
statutory stock option
A type of employee stock option that provides tax advantages for the employer that a non-qualified stock option does not.
statutory voting
A system in which shareholders voting for the board of directors may not give...
STD
The ISO currency code for the Sao Tome Dobra.
step down
To resign from a position
step up in basis
The change in the value of an asset inherited upon the owner's death. The taxable...
step variable costs
The variable costs which change dramatically at certain points because they...
step-down lease
A lease providing for specified rent decreases at certain future dates. Opposite of step-up lease.
step-up bond
A type of bond that pays one coupon rate for an initial period followed by a higher coupon rate.
step-up lease
A type of lease providing for specified rent increases at certain future dates. Opposite of step-down lease.
step-up warrant
A call warrant which includes one or more increases in the strike price, occurring on specified dates.
sterilization
The practice of using open market operations to counteract the effects of exchange...
stickiness
The degree to which the existing use of a product or service encourages its...
stipulate
To specify or require something, as in a written contract or formal agreement.
stochastic
The stochastic oscillator is based on the assumption that as prices increase,...
Stochastic Oscillator
The stochastic oscillator is based on the assumption that as prices increase,...
stock
The capital raised by a corporation through the issuance and distribution of shares.
stock association
A savings association organized as a capital stock corporation.
stock bonus plan
A profit-sharing plan that delivers benefits to employees in the form of stock rather than cash.
stock buyback
See buyback.
stock certificate
A document reflecting legal ownership of a specific number of stock shares in...
Stock Clearing Corporation
SCC. The clearinghouse for the NYSE.
stock consolidation
A reverse stock split.
stock dividend
A type of dividend paid as additional shares of stock rather than as cash. If...
stock exchange
An exchange on which shares of stock and common stock equivalents are bought...
stock fund
A mutual fund that invests primarily in stocks.
stock index
An index of market prices of a particular group of stocks, such as the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq Composite Index.
stock ledger
A record of each shareholder's ownership in a corporation.
stock life insurance company
A life insurance firm owned by shareholders who share in its earnings, in contrast to a mutual firm, which is owned by policyholders.
stock list
A department of a stock exchange which monitors listed firms to make sure they...
stock loan
The loan of securities by one broker to another, such as to cover a customer short sale. Also known as securities loan.
stock market
General term for the organized trading of stocks through exchanges and over-the-counter.
stock market crash
A steep drop in market prices or economic conditions. Also known as crash.
stock market index
See stock index.
stock option
An option in which the underlier is the common stock of a corporation, giving...
stock option plan
A program within a firm whereby employees are allowed to buy a specific number...
stock power
A power of attorney enabling a person other than the owner to transfer stock ownership to another party. S
stock purchase plan
A trust established by a firm, which acts as a tax-qualified, defined-contribution...
stock rating
An evaluation of a stock's expected performance and/or its risk level as judged by a rating agency such as Standard and Poor's.
stock screening
See screening
stock split
An increase in the number of outstanding shares of a firm's stock, such that...
stock swap
An acquisition in which the acquiring firm uses its own stock to pay for the acquired firm.
stock symbol
A ticker symbol denoting a particular stock.
stock ticker
See ticker.
stockbroker
An intermediary who deals primarily with transactions involving stocks.
stockholder
An investor who owns shares of common stock in a corporation or mutual fund....
stockholder of record
The name an issuer uses in its records for an investor who is the registered...
stockholders' equity
The balance sheet quantity of a company's common stock equity. This quantity...
stockpile
The storage of materials or assets for later use.
stop and reverse
A signal to buy the opposite position upon the closing of a position due to a stop.
stop entry
An Entry Order is an order to enter the market at a specified price.Entry orders...
stop order
A market order to close a position if a specified stop price is reached.
stop payment
An instruction for a bank not to honor the payment of a check before it has been cashed.
stop price
In a stop order, this is the indicated price.
stop-limit order
An order to buy or sell a certain quantity of a certain security at a specified...
stop-loss
A Stop Loss is an order to close a trade when the market moves a specified amount...
stopped out
This is when a position is closed due to the execution of a stop order.
storage
This is the expense that is incurred when storing commodities from one delivery...
store
The location where final retail sales are made.
story stock
A stock whose price is volatile at a given time because of expected company news.
straddle
This is when an investor purchases or sells an equal number of puts and calls,...
straight bond
A type of bond that will pay back the principal upon its maturity date and certain...
straight line depreciation
A method for adjusting asset value which assumes the asset loses an equal amount...
straight paper
Uninsured notes, bills of exchange, and banker's acceptances.
straight value
This is the approximate open market price for a security lacking convertibility....
stranded asset
An asset whose market value is less than its book value because it has become...
strangle
This is when an investor purchases or sells an equal number of puts and calls,...
strap
This is an option contract where an investor is long in one put option and two...
strategic alliance
This is an agreement between two or more individuals or entities to cooperate...
strategic buyout
An acquisition that is made because of operational benefits from two companies...
strategic planning
The preparation of a strategy that aids a company in achieving its long term goals.
strategy
A methodology used to achieve goals.
street broker
A broker who is not a member of the exchange.
street name
This term applies to securities held in the name of a brokerage instead of the...
strike
This is a work stoppage undertaken by the labor force of a firm in opposition...
strike index
The price of an underlying stock index pertaining to a buyer’s index option.
strike price
The purchase or sale price of underlying stock that an option holder sees upon the exercising an option contract.
strip
A bond that is issued by the U.S. Treasury for which interest and repayment...
strong basis
An insignificant difference between cash prices and futures. An investor who...
strong dollar
This term is used to describe the dollar when it can be exchanged for increasing...
structural inflation
Planned inflation that is caused by a government's monetary policy.
structure
This term refers to the proportions of debt and equity that are used to finance a company.
structured finance
Non-standard lending arrangements offered by institutions to companies who have unique financing needs.
structured note
This is a debt security with multiple special features, such as making payments...
structured portfolio strategy
A strategy that shapes a portfolio in a way that allows it to generate profits...
structured settlement
A lawsuit settlement where payments are made in intervals, rather than in one lump sum.
Student Loan Marketing Association
This is commonly known as Sallie Mae. It is a federally established and publicly...
style
The investment strategy a mutual fund relies upon in order to realize its goals.
Subchapter M
This IRS law regulates conduit theory.
Subchapter S Corporation
This is a form of corporation that the IRS allows for most firms with less than...
subcontractor
An individual or company hired by a general or prime contractor to perform a specific task as part of the overall project.
subindex
A group of stocks that are included in a larger index, but are also tracked as if they were a separate index.
sublimit
A limit for a subset of items that are also subject to an overarching group...
submortgage
This is when a mortgage lender promises a mortgage as collateral for his own loan.
subordinated
This is when somebody’s position is reduced to that of a junior in priority of claim.
subordinated debt
This type of debt is not secured or is subordinated in priority to that of another...
subordination clause
This is a clause found in some mortgages. It allows previous mortgages on the...
subpoena
This is an order for an individual to testify in a court of law.
subrogate
To accept a claim or right against one party from another party that previously...
subscribe
This is when an investor agrees to purchase stock in a new issue.
subscription price
This is the set price for a new securities offering to the public.
subscription privilege
This is the opportunity current shareholders have to maintain their fractional...
subscription right
This is the current shareholders’ right to maintain their proportional ownership...
subscription warrant
This is a document entitling the holder to buy a specific amount of bond or...
subsequent offering
An offering of shares that follows a company's initial public offering. Such an offering is also called a follow-on.
subsidiary
A firm for which a holding company owns the majority of the voting stock.
subsidy
Financial assistance that the government provides to individuals or groups.
succession
A documented transfer of a decedent's assets and rights to his heirs.
Sudanese Dinar
The currency of Sudan. Learn more about Sudan and the Sudanese Dinar at GoCurrency.com
sue
To bring legal action against a person or entity.
suicide pill
This is an extreme version of the poison pill defense; a target company takes...
Suitability Rules
A stated or implied regulatory guideline that many security bodies apply to...
Sum-of-the-Years'-Digits Method
A method for calculating the depreciation of an asset that has greater depreciation...
summary annual report
A document that reveals the annual results of a retirement plan and is distributed...
summary plan description
This is a document containing a comprehensive description of a retirement plan....
sunk cost
A cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered regardless of...
sunrise industry
A quickly growing industry that is expected to become prominent in the future.
sunset industry
A slowly growing, declining, industry. Such an industry is considered to be irrelevant to the future.
sunshine laws
State and federal laws that require the majority of regulatory meetings and decisions to be publicized.
super sinker bond
A bond with long-term coupons coupled with a short-term maturity. Such a bond...
supercede
To rise in power, authority, validity, or importance, replacing a previously superior entity.
supervisory analyst
A New York Stock Exchange member firm research analyst who has passed a special...
supplemental agreement
An agreement whose main purpose is to modify a previous agreement, usually by adding additional conditions.
supplier
A company that supplies products to another company. Such a company is often called a vendor.
supply
The total amounts of a good or service available in a market at different price...
supply chain
The members of a chain of suppliers that is responsible for the delivery and production of a particular good.
supply curve
A graph that depicts the hypothetical supply of a product or service at different...
supply elasticity
The percentage amount by which supply changes in response to a one percent change...
supply-side economics
An economic theory which holds that reducing tax rates, especially for businesses...
support
A price level in which a currency pair has difficulty falling below. At support,...
surcharge
A fee that is charged in addition to another charge.
surety
This is a pledge, guarantee, or bond regarding the performance of an individual or a company.
surety bond
A bond issued by an entity on behalf of another party. This bond guarantees...
Surinam Guilder
The official currency of Surinam. Learn more about Surinam and the Suriname Dollar at GoCurrency.com
Suriname Dollar
The currency of Suriname.See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
surplus
This is an excess of any sort. It is also called an overage.
surrender charge
A fee that is charged when one terminates an annuity contract prior to its maturity.
surrender value
The amount of cash one receives upon cancelling his insurance policy. Surrender...
surtax
A tax that is only applicable to certain individuals and is charged in addition...
surveillance department
A department that monitors the activity of a trading exchange, confirming that it meets exchange and SEC regulations.
Survey of Manufacturing - Canada
Monthly report on Canada's manufacturing sector. The data shows the current...
survivor benefit
The payment a beneficiary receives from an annuity or insurance policy when...
survivorship
This is when a survivor automatically gains ownership of a decedent.s property...
survivorship bias
Not including failed companies in performance studies because they no longer...
survivorship insurance
A type of insurance that is applied to more than one person at a time. It pays...
suspended trading
A temporary trading stoppage in a particular security for a specific reason,...
SVC
The ISO currency code for the El Salvador Colon. Learn more about the El Salvador Colon and El Salvador at GoCurrency.com
SVME Manufacturing PMI - Switzerland
Tracks trends in the Swiss Manufacturing sector. The Purchasing Manager's Index...
SVME Manufacturing PMI - Switzerland
Tracks trends in the Swiss Manufacturing sector. The Purchasing Manager's Index...
swap
An exchange of different streams of payments over a given period of time, in...
swap rate
The difference between the forward exchange rate and the spot rate of a currency....
swaption
An option on a swap. Such an option is most often given with interest rate swaps.
Swaziland Lilangeni
The currency of Swaziland Lilangeni. See GoCurrency World Currencies Page & Currency Converter
sweat equity
Equity that is acquired by a company and attributed to the hard work of its executives.
Swedish Krona
The currency of Sweden. Learn more about Sweden and the Swedish Krona at GoCurrency.com
sweep account
A brokerage account whose cash balance is automatically transferred into a high...
sweetener
A feature of a debt obligation or preferred stock which is included in order...
Swing Index
This momentum indicator is used primarily as a component of the Accumulative...
swing loan
This loan is short-term financing. Borrowers often take out a subsequent long...
swing trade
A trading strategy that attempts to create profits by holding positions for...
Swiss Franc
The currency of Switzerland. ISO international currency code: CHF. The...
switching
To move money between mutual funds that may be within a fund family or in different fund families.
switching costs
The costs a customer incurs when moving from one supplier or marketplace to...
symbol
A combination of letters used to uniquely identify a stock or mutual fund listed...
Symmetrical Triangle Chart Pattern
With symmetrical Triangles, trend lines converge with the support line is ascending...
syndicate
A group of investment banks that jointly underwrite and distribute a new security...
syndicate bid
A bid that a syndicate makes in order to stabilize the price of a Nasdaq security prior to a secondary offering occurs.
syndicate manager
The commercial or investment bank which is primarily responsible for organizing...
syndicate member
An investment bank, brokerage, or bank that participates in a syndicate.
syndication
Information provided for simultaneous publication in several periodicals or web sites.
synergy
This is when multiple parties coordinate mutually beneficial arrangements.
synthetic lease
A transaction that appears to be a lease from an accounting standpoint, but...
synthetic put
This occurs when somebody short sells a security and buys it long upon its call....
synthetic stock
Multiple assets are combined to form a synthetic stock. For example, a synthetic...
SYP
The ISO code for the Syrian Pound. Learn more about Syria and the Syrian Pound at GoCurrency.com
Syrian Pound
The official currency of Syria. Learn more about Syria and the Syrian Pound at GoCurrency.com
systematic investment plan
This plan provides for a system of repetitive investments. Using such a plan,...
systematic risk
This is when an entire class of assets or liabilities is subject to the same...
systemic risk
This is when an entire class of assets or liabilities is subject to the same...
SZL
The ISO currency code for the Swaziland Lilangeni. Learn more about currencies at GoCurrency.com
 

 

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